2026 年 5 月 28 日,加拿大总理马克·卡尼近日赴纽约,向美国工商界精英发表演讲,提出加美关系必须彻底重塑。他明确拒绝了旧模式中加拿大"俯首听命"的角色,主张以能源、关键矿产、铝业等领域的互利合作为基础,构建一种"真正的伙伴关系"。卡尼援引"北美堡垒"概念,强调加拿大的强大本身就能助力美国经济复兴。然而,美国贸易代表格里尔同期表态,部分加拿大商品仍将面临关税,双方在汽车制造等领域分歧明显,正式贸易谈判至今悬而未决。加美新关系究竟走向何方?本文带你逐句精读这场关键时刻的外交表态。


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加拿大总理马克·卡尼周四在纽约向一众工业巨头和金融界人士发表演讲,表示加拿大与美国需要寻求一种新的伙伴关系——这一双边关系的基础,不在于过去的相处方式,而在于一个更强大、更独立的加拿大能够有选择性地帮助"让美国再次伟大"。

Prime Minister Mark Carney told a crowd of New York industry titans and financiers on Thursday that Canada and the U.S. need to pursue a new partnership — a bilateral relationship premised not on how things were done in the past but one where a stronger, more independent Canada can selectively help "make America great again."

  • titans此处指商界或金融界举足轻重的大人物,带有"巨头、大佬"的含义
  • pursue此处意为"积极寻求、致力于推动"
  • partnership在外交和商业语境中常译为"伙伴关系",是一个有特定政治含义的术语
  • bilateral"双边的",指两国之间的,是外交政策领域的高频词汇,对应 multilateral(多边的)
  • premised意为"以……为前提/基础"
  • selectively"有选择性地",暗示加拿大不会无条件配合美国,而是按自身利益有所取舍



卡尼表示,随着美国总统唐纳德·特朗普引发贸易领域的"板块级"变动,以及世界局势愈发"分裂与危险",加拿大必须更加注重"照顾好自己",通过拥抱能源超级大国的地位来夯实国内根基。

Carney said as U.S. President Donald Trump prompts "tectonic shifts" in trade, and as the world becomes "more divided and dangerous," Canada must focus more on "taking care of ourselves" and building up at home by embracing its status as an energy superpower.

  • prompts此处意为"引发、触发",强调特朗普的政策是变化的直接推动因素
  • tectonic shifts"板块级的剧变",借用地质学中"构造板块运动"的意象,形容贸易格局发生的根本性、结构性变化,是一种常见的政治修辞
  • building up此处意为"加强、积累、夯实"(国内实力),是固定短语,与 build up strength/capacity 搭配常见
  • embracing不只是"接受",而是"主动拥抱、积极认同",带有正面的主动态度
  • superpower"超级大国/超强",通常指军事或政治上的强国,此处用于能源领域,是一种刻意的类比修辞



但卡尼表示,这并不意味着加拿大想要对美国关闭大门。

But that doesn't mean Canada wants to close itself off from the U.S., Carney said.

  • close itself off固定短语,意为"封闭自己、与……隔绝",close off 在此有主动切断往来之意,itself 强调主语的自发性行为



他表示,政府希望双方追求"真正的伙伴关系",并在某些战略性行业,尤其是那些遭受特朗普行业关税重创的领域,加强合作。

Rather, he said the government wants the two sides to pursue a "true partnership" and better co-operate on some strategic sectors, notably those hammered by Trump's sectoral tariffs.

  • co-operate"合作",此处为正式书面用词,强调双边协调配合,与 cooperate 为同一词的两种拼写方式,英联邦英语常用连字符形式
  • strategic"战略性的",指对国家长远利益具有关键意义的
  • hammered口语化但生动的用词,意为"遭受重创、被狠狠打击"
  • sectoral"行业性的、特定部门的",sectoral tariffs 指针对特定行业(如钢铁、汽车)而非全面征收的关税,是贸易政策领域的专业术语



卡尼对安大略省长道格·福特和部分美国利益方提出的"北美堡垒"概念表示认可——该概念强调在面对中国经济威胁时,北美大陆内部应优先加强合作。卡尼表示,这种新型关系将"重新构想在全球竞争深度冲击的特定领域内的合作模式"。

Nodding to the "Fortress North America" concept floated by Ontario Premier Doug Ford and some U.S. interests, which prioritizes continental co-operation in the face of Chinese economic threats, Carney said this new relationship would "re-imagine co-operation in specific sectors deeply challenged by global competition."

  • Nodding to此处为比喻用法,意为"认可、呼应、向……致意",并非字面上的点头,表示对某一观点或概念的间接认同
  • Fortress"堡垒",Fortress North America 是一个政策概念,意指将北美建设成抵御外部经济竞争的封闭战略体,带有强烈的防御色彩
  • floated此处意为"提出、试探性地抛出(某个想法)",暗示这一概念尚处于讨论阶段,并非正式政策
  • prioritizes"将……置于优先地位",强调排序上的侧重,而非完全排他
  • re-imagine"重新构想、以全新方式重新设计"
  • challenged此处意为"受到严峻挑战的、承压的",是较委婉的表达,实际语境中指受到冲击甚至威胁



卡尼表示,美国依赖加拿大的石油、天然气、电力、铝、钾肥、镍、铜及工业零部件,双方在这些领域应当扩大合作,而非减少。

Carney said the U.S. is dependent on Canadian oil, natural gas, electricity, aluminum, potash, nickel, copper and industrial components, and the two sides should do more business together in these sectors, not less.

  • dependent on固定搭配,意为"依赖、依存于"
  • potash"钾肥/氯化钾",是重要的农业化肥原料,加拿大是全球最大的钾肥出口国之一



"这就是互利共强。加拿大的强大将有助于让美国再次伟大。我们应当携手合作、共同角逐全球市场,这样的例子不胜枚举,"他说。

"That is mutual strength. Canada Strong will help make America great again. The examples are legion where we should work together and compete with the world together," he said.

  • legion正式书面用词,意为"数不胜数、极其众多",通常用于"examples/reasons are legion"这一固定表达,语气比 many 庄重得多



卡尼表示,他的政府已就汽车、铝业、能源及矿产领域向美方提出"具体可行的方案",希望借此走出这一贸易对立时期。

Carney said his government has pitched "specific, practical proposals," on autos, aluminum, energy and minerals to the Americans to move on from this period of trade antagonism.

  • pitched此处意为"(正式地)提出、推销(方案或想法)",常用于商业或外交谈判语境,比 proposed 更强调主动推介的姿态
  • antagonism"对抗、敌对状态",比 conflict 更强调双方之间持续的结构性对立,是较为正式的政治词汇



卡尼并未透露美方对这些方案的反应。但数月来,双方未举行任何正式贸易谈判,也看不出任何即将取得突破的明显迹象。

Carney didn't say what the reception has been to those ideas. But there have been no formal trade talks in months, and there are no apparent signs a breakthrough is imminent.

  • reception此处意为"(对某建议或想法的)反应、接受程度",是一种较为委婉、正式的表达,相当于 response 或 reaction
  • breakthrough"突破性进展",在外交谈判语境中指打破僵局、达成重要共识的关键节点
  • imminent"即将发生的、迫在眉睫的"



卡尼暗示,过去那种加拿大俯首帖耳、基本上唯美国马首是瞻的旧有关系已经结束。

Carney signalled that the old relationship where a subservient Canada essentially falls in line with what the U.S. wants is over.

  • signalled"暗示、发出信号",比 said 更含蓄,强调这是一种立场上的宣示,而非直白的声明,英联邦英语拼写
  • subservient"俯首帖耳的、甘居次位的",带有负面含义,暗指过去加拿大在美加关系中扮演从属角色,是本文语气最强烈的词之一
  • falls in line with固定短语,意为"顺从、配合、与……保持一致",常用于描述一方屈从于另一方意志的情形



他说,取而代之的应是一种双边关系,其中呈现的是"一个不同的加拿大、一个更强大的加拿大、一个更自信的加拿大",能够在更为平等的条件下提供美国所需之物。

What should replace it is a bilateral relationship featuring "a different Canada, a stronger Canada, a more confident Canada" that can deliver what the U.S needs on more equitable terms, he said.

  • featuring此处意为"以……为特色/体现、包含"
  • equitable"公平合理的、平等的",与 equal(数量上相等)不同,equitable 强调公正与合理,常用于法律、外交和经济领域,此处 on more equitable terms 即"在更为平等的条件下"



此后,卡尼在纽约经济俱乐部的一场炉边对话中发言,对加美贸易关系中困扰双方的种种摩擦终将得到解决,表达了一定的信心。

Speaking later during a fireside chat with the Economic Club of New York, Carney projected some confidence that there will be a resolution to the irritants that plague the Canada-U.S. trading relationship.

  • fireside chat"炉边谈话",原指美国总统罗斯福通过广播与民众亲切交流的形式,现泛指较为轻松、对话式的公开访谈
  • projected此处意为"展现出、流露出(某种形象或态度)",强调这种信心是有意呈现给外界的,而非单纯的内心感受
  • irritants"摩擦点、刺激性因素",在外交语境中指造成双边关系紧张的具体问题或争议点,语气较 conflicts 温和
  • plague此处为动词,意为"困扰、长期折磨"



"我们会找到出路的,"卡尼说。

"We'll work our way through it," Carney said.

  • work one's way through固定短语,意为"逐步克服、一步步解决(困难或问题)"



卡尼表示,加拿大正在发挥自身优势,发展能源、投资国防和航天领域,从而为美国创造"巨大机遇",因为国内经济正在不断壮大和繁荣。

Carney said Canada is leaning into its strengths, developing energy and investing in the defence and space sectors — creating "huge opportunities" for the U.S. because the economy at home is getting bigger and richer.

  • leaning into固定短语,意为"主动发力于、充分发挥"



卡尼表示,尤其在能源领域,加拿大拥有丰富的油气资源,并能产出清洁电力,有助于为美国国内正在进行的经济革命提供动力——随着人工智能相关开发的爆发式增长,这场革命正如火如荼地展开。

On energy in particular, Carney said, Canada sits on an abundance of oil and gas and generates clean electricity that can help power the economic revolution that's underwaystateside as artificial intelligence-related development explodes.

  • sits on固定短语,此处意为"坐拥、储有大量(资源)"
  • abundance"丰富、大量",an abundance of 是固定搭配,语气比 a lot of 更为正式,常用于书面语
  • underway"正在进行中的"
  • stateside美式英语,意为"在美国境内/国内",多为非正式用法
  • explodes此处为比喻用法,意为"爆发式增长、迅猛扩张",生动描绘AI产业的急剧扩张态势



卡尼表示,随着AI的腾飞,美国将面临"严峻的"能源短缺,而加拿大"可以成为解决方案的一部分"。

There will be an "acute" energy shortage in the U.S. as AI takes off, Carney said, and Canada "can be part of the solution."

  • acute"严峻的、剧烈的",在医学中指"急性的"
  • takes off固定短语,意为"(事物)腾飞、快速起步并迅猛发展"



卡尼提到,政府近期决定为魁北克一座大型石墨矿快速审批,并协助促成了不列颠哥伦比亚省一项与德国签订的大型液化天然气采购协议,以此作为渥太华迅速推动战略性产业发展的例证——这些产业生产的是全球紧缺的高利润产品。

Carney raised the government's recent decision to fast-track a major graphite mine in Quebec and help negotiate a major B.C. LNG purchase agreement with Germany, as examples of Ottawa moving quickly to stand up industries that make lucrative products the world needs.

  • raised此处意为"提及、援引",而非"提出新议题"
  • fast-track固定搭配,意为"为……开辟绿色通道、加快审批流程“
  • LNGLiquefied Natural Gas 的缩写,即"液化天然气"
  • stand up此处意为"建立、扶植(某个产业)"
  • lucrative"利润丰厚的、有利可图的",常用于形容商业机会或产品,语气比 profitable 更强调高回报



他表示,开发这些资源——有时与美国利益方合作推进——"是构建加美新伙伴关系的结构性解决方案"。

Developing those resources, sometimes in partnership with American interests, "is a structural solution to a new partnership with the U.S.," he said.

  • structural"结构性的",指从根本上重塑关系框架


卡尼此番讲话之际,美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔坚持表示,部分加拿大商品仍将面临关税——而卡尼的谈判团队正在全力争取避免这一结果。

Carney's remarks come at a time when U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer insists there will be tariffs on some Canadian goods, something Carney's negotiators are actively trying to avoid.

  • insists"坚持声称、一再强调",暗示对方对此立场坚定,不留余地
  • negotiators"谈判代表、谈判团队"



格里尔本周在美国外交关系委员会发表演讲时说:"我们必须征收一定程度的关税来应对巨额贸易逆差。"

"We have to have some degree of tariff to deal with the giant deficit," Greer said this week during a speech at the Council on Foreign Relations.

  • deficit"贸易逆差/赤字",指一国进口额超过出口额的差额,是国际贸易谈判中的核心概念,此处 giant deficit 指美国对加拿大的巨额贸易逆差



"大多数国家表示,'我们理解,我们将取消一些非关税壁垒。'加拿大的做法则截然不同,"他说。

"Most countries said, 'We understand and we will remove some non-tariff barriers.' Canada's approach has been different," he said.

  • non-tariff barriers"非关税壁垒",是国际贸易政策的专业术语,指除关税以外的一切阻碍贸易自由流通的措施,如技术标准、配额、补贴等



格里尔办公室周三宣布了一系列今夏美国与墨西哥坐下来就即将到来的《美加墨协定》审议展开谈判的具体日期,但未为与加拿大的谈判设定任何日期。

Greer's office announced Wednesday a series of dates over the summer when the U.S. and Mexico will sit down to negotiate the upcoming CUSMA review. No dates were set for talks with Canada.

  • CUSMACanada-United States-Mexico Agreement 的缩写,即"美加墨协定",是取代北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)的新贸易协议,在美国通常称为 USMCA,加拿大官方使用 CUSMA



与卡尼周四的表态相似,格里尔也表示,在能源、关键矿产和化肥等领域存在"共同经济利益"。

Like Carney on Thursday, Greer said there are areas where there is "common economic benefit," like energy, critical minerals and fertilizer.

  • benefit此处作名词,意为"利益、好处",common economic benefit 即"共同经济利益"



但他表示,"在某些经济商品上,我们的看法存在分歧",并点名汽车行业为美国希望通过大力征收关税来主导并压制加拿大制造业的领域。

But "when it comes to some economic goods, we have a different view," he said, pointing to autos as an area where the U.S. wants to dominate and, in turn, suppress Canadian manufacturing through the aggressive use of tariffs.

  • dominate"主导、占主导地位",此处指美国希望在汽车制造业中牢牢掌握竞争优势
  • suppress"压制、抑制",此处指通过关税手段打压加拿大汽车制造业的发展,语气较强,暗含刻意打压的意图



"我认为,在某些问题上谈判会相当艰难,但在另一些问题上会比较顺利,"他说。

"I think on some of these issues it will be a challenging negotiation but on some issues it will be fine," he said.

  • challenging"充满挑战的、艰难的",是一种委婉的政治措辞,实际上暗示谈判将面临较大阻力,语气比 difficult 更为克制正式