加拿大斥资170亿元推出"全球影响力+研究人才计划",意在吸引国际顶尖学者——然而现实却很骨感:移民积分系统对年龄和学历的不合理设置,令大量博士人才望而却步;各大高校集体协议对移民身份视而不见。2026年2月新快速通道类别推出后,首批抽签250个名额竟无一给予研究人员!


人才来了留不住,留不住就走人——数据显示博士离开加拿大的概率是学士的两倍。在中美贸易摩擦加剧的当下,这场人才困局正威胁加拿大的创新竞争力。



2025年12月,加拿大政府推出"全球影响力+研究人才计划",旨在吸引国际研究人员赴加工作。 

The Canadian government launched the Global Impact+ Research Talent Initiative in December 2025 designed to entice international researchers to come to Canada.

  • launch (v.) 启动,推出(项目或计划)
  • initiative (n.) 计划,举措(官方正式用语)
  • entice (v.) 吸引,诱使(含有积极诱导的意味,比 attract 更生动)



该计划据政府称将"在12年内投入高达17亿加元,吸引并支持逾1000名顶尖国际及海外侨民研究人员",力度相当可观。 

The initiative, which the government says will "invest up to $1.7 billion over 12 years to attract and support more than 1,000 leading international and expatriate researchers," is a significant investment.

  • expatriate (n./adj.) 旅居海外者,侨民(常简称 expat)



这一举措尤为重要,因为目前各地高等教育与科研经费普遍下滑。 

This is especially important amid declining cross-country budgets for post-secondary education and research.

  • amid (prep.) 在……之中,在……背景下(书面用语)
  • post-secondary education:高等教育(大专及以上)
  • cross-country:跨地区的,全国范围的



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Problems with points


国际研究人员面临的移民通道十分有限。 

International researchers face limited specific immigration pathways.



综合评分系统(CRS,又称积分系统)是技术工人在加拿大获得永久居留权的主要机制。CRS 根据申请人的年龄、教育、语言和工作经验进行评分排名,联邦政府随后邀请达到或超过特定分数线的候选人申请永久居留权。 

The comprehensive ranking system (CRS, also known as the point system), is the primary mechanism for skilled workers to attain permanent residence in Canada. The CRS ranks prospective immigrants based on their scores in relation to age, education, language and work experience. The federal government then invites candidates at or above a certain cutoff score to apply for permanent residency.

  • primary mechanism:主要机制
  • attain (v.) 获得,达到(比 get 更正式)
  • prospective (adj.) 潜在的,预期的(prospective immigrants = 有意移民者)
  • in relation to:关于,与……相关
  • cutoff score:分数线,cutoff (n.) 截止点,临界值



然而,第二作者 Christina Clark-Kazak 的研究表明,以年龄为基础的积分与《加拿大权利与自由宪章》相悖。宪章第15条关于平等权利的条款,明确禁止基于年龄的歧视。 

However, research by Christina Clark-Kazak, the second author of this story, shows how age-based points are inconsistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Section 15 of the Charter, on equality rights, prohibits discrimination on the basis of age.

  • be inconsistent with:与……不一致,相悖
  • prohibit (v.) 禁止(正式用语)
  • on the basis of:基于……



与此同时,以年龄为基础的积分与工作经验积分并存,逻辑上根本说不通,结果造成政策自相矛盾。 

At the same time, these age-based points don't make sense alongside work experience points. The result? An incoherent policy.

  • make sense:有道理,合乎逻辑
  • alongside (prep.) 与……并列,同时存在
  • incoherent (adj.) 前后矛盾的,缺乏逻辑的



读完博士需要漫长岁月,而在加拿大的移民积分系统中,博士学位比硕士仅多14至15分,比学士仅多28至30分。 

It takes many years to obtain a PhD. In Canada's immigration ranking system, a PhD only yields 14-15 more points than a Master's and 28-30 more than a Bachelor's degree.

  • yield (v.) 产生,带来(此处指"带来积分")



与此同时,30至40岁的申请人每年扣5分,年满45岁后则不再获得任何积分。 

At the same time, applicants aged 30-40 years lose five points per year. After they turn 45, they receive no points.



博士毕业生的平均年龄为35岁,而在加拿大谋得一份学术职位往往还需要数年时间。 

The average age of a PhD graduate is 35. It can take several years to land an academic job in Canada.

  • graduate (n.) 毕业生
  • land (v.) 口语/非正式用法,意为"成功获得"(工作、合同等),如 land a job



正是由于 CRS 中存在的年龄歧视以及对学历的低估,许多受过大量培训、经验丰富的优秀人才无法达到积分门槛。 

Due to this age discrimination and undervaluing of education in the CRS, many talented colleagues with extensive training and experience don't meet the points threshold.

  • due to (prep.) 由于,因为(后接名词或名词短语)
  • undervaluing (n.) 低估
  • extensive (adj.) 大量的,丰富的
  • threshold (n.) 门槛,临界值



为部分解决这一问题,IRCC 于2026年2月为快速通道引入了新类别,其中包括一个针对"拥有加拿大工作经验的研究人员及高级管理人员"的类别。 

To partially address this issue, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) introduced new categories for express entry in February 2026. These include a category for "researchers and senior managers with Canadian work experience."

  • to partially address:不定式作目的状语,"为了部分解决"



移民部长 Lena Metlege Diab 将新类别定性为"推动创新与增长"的举措。 

Immigration Minister Lena Metlege Diab has described the new categories as a way to "drive innovation and growth."

  • drive (v.) 推动,驱动(抽象事物)



然而,在 IRCC 推出新类别后,3月4日公布的首批(也是迄今唯一一批)快速通道永久居留权申请邀请中,仅发出250份邀请,且无一发给研究人员。 

However, in a March 4 announcement of invitations to apply for permanent residence under the revamped Express Entry system (the only draw to date since IRCC introduced new categories), only 250 invitations were announced, and none went to researchers.

  • revamped (adj.) 改革后的,翻新的(revamp v. 彻底改革)
  • to date:迄今为止(= so far)



移民身份是一个公平问题



第一作者 Evren Altinkas 对加拿大各大学的集体协议进行了分析,结果发现移民身份作为一项公认的公平类别,在招聘框架中系统性缺失。 

Evren Altinkas, the first author of this story, has analyzed collective agreements across Canadian universities. This analysis demonstrates a systematic absence of immigration status as a recognized equity category within hiring frameworks.

  • collective agreements:集体协议,劳资双方签订的合同(工会语境)
  • absence (n.) 缺失,不存在
  • equity category:公平类别,指 EDI(公平、多元、包容)政策中受到保护的群体身份



在数十所大学——包括多伦多大学、不列颠哥伦比亚大学和麦吉尔大学等在全球排名中占有重要地位的院校——中,均没有任何明确的合同条款涉及国际受训或流亡学者。 

Across dozens of institutions — including institutions that have significant global rankings, like the University of Toronto, University of British Columbia and McGill University — there is no explicit contractual language addressing internationally trained or displaced scholars.

  • dozens of:数十个
  • explicit (adj.) 明确的,清晰的(反义词 implicit 隐含的)
  • contractual (adj.) 合同上的,契约性的
  • displaced scholars:流亡/被迫离境的学者,displaced (adj.) 被迫离开家园的



许多集体协议包含笼统的就业公平或多元化条款,但这些条款几乎清一色聚焦于性别、种族和原住民身份等国内公认的类别,移民身份问题则被搁置一旁。 

Many collective agreements contain general employment equity or diversity clauses. But these overwhelmingly focus on domestically recognized categories such as gender, race and Indigeneity, leaving immigration status unaddressed.

  • clause (n.) 条款(合同或法律文件中的具体条文)
  • overwhelmingly (adv.) 压倒性地,几乎全部
  • Indigeneity (n.) 原住民身份,indigenous peoples 的抽象名词形式
  • leave sth. unaddressed:对某问题置之不理,leave + 宾语 + 形容词,表示使某事处于某种状态



这种缺失折射出加拿大制度框架中,无身份及处于不稳定移民状态者长期"隐形"的普遍现象。 

This omission reflects a broader pattern of "invisibility" of non-status and precarious migrants in Canadian institutional frameworks.

  • omission (n.) 遗漏,缺失(omit v. 省略)
  • precarious (adj.) 不稳定的,岌岌可危的(precarious migrants 指移民身份不稳定者)
  • institutional frameworks:制度框架



即便存在有限的参照——例如渥太华大学或圭尔夫大学与"风险学者网络"相关的条款——也不过是个别例外,而非系统性安排。 

Even where limited references exist — such as provisions connected to the Scholars at Risk Network at institutions like University of Ottawa or the University of Guelph — these remain exceptional rather than systemic.

  • provisions (n.) 条款,规定(法律或合同语境)
  • Scholars at Risk Network:风险学者网络,一个保护受迫害学者的国际组织
  • exceptional (adj.) 例外的,个案的(此处不是"优秀的")
  • systemic (adj.) 系统性的,制度层面的(注意与 systematic 区分:systemic 强调根植于系统内部)




政策和协议是障碍


因此,现行的公平、多元与包容(EDI)政策及集体协议,在招募和留住国际受训研究人员方面,构成了相互交织的实践、法律与行为障碍。 

Current equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) policies and collective agreements thereforpose interconnected practical, legal and behavioural barriers to recruiting and retaining internationally trained researchers.

  • pose (v.) 构成,造成(pose a barrier/threat/risk 是固定搭配)
  • interconnected (adj.) 相互关联的



要求具备加拿大工作经验这一根深蒂固的招聘惯例——尽管安大略省部分雇主最近已着手改变这一做法——助长了就业不充分和技能错配问题。 

Pervasive hiring norms include asking about Canadian experience — only recently set to change for some employers in Ontario — and contribute to underemployment and skill mismatch.

  • pervasive (adj.) 普遍的,无处不在的
  • norms (n.) 规范,惯例
  • be set to change:即将改变,set to do 表示"准备好做某事/即将……"
  • underemployment (n.) 就业不足,指人才未能被充分利用(区别于 unemployment 失业)
  • skill mismatch:技能错配,指所学技能与工作需求不匹配



外国学历认可度低也从制度上使移民处于劣势。 

The limited recognition of foreign credentials also systematically disadvantages immigrants.

  • credentials (n.) 资质,证书(学历、执照等),常用复数
  • disadvantage (v.) 使处于不利地位(此处作动词用)



从法律层面看,移民制度带来的不确定性是各大学和工会在结构上无力应对的。这在加拿大日趋复杂的"两步走"——先临时居留、再转永久居留——体系中尤为突出。 

Legally, immigration regimes create uncertainty that institutions and unions are not structurally equipped to accommodate. This is particularly the case with Canada's increasingly complex "two-step" system of temporary to permanent residency.

  • regime (n.) 制度,体制(此处指移民制度体系,非"政权")
  • be equipped to:有能力,具备……条件
  • two-step system:两步走体系,指先获临时身份再转永久居留的移民路径



EDI 话语体系中对移民身份的忽视,强化了对"多元"的狭隘理解,忽略了跨国学术发展轨迹的存在。 

The absence of immigration status within EDI discourse reinforces a narrow conception of diversity. This overlooks transnational academic trajectories.

  • discourse (n.) 话语,讨论体系(学术用语)
  • reinforce (v.) 强化,巩固
  • conception (n.) 理解,概念(a narrow conception of = 对……的狭隘认识)
  • transnational (adj.) 跨国的
  • trajectories (n.) 轨迹,发展路径(trajectory 的复数)



研究表明,受过国际教育的研究人员面临持续的劳动力市场障碍,包括签证不稳定以及进入稳定学术岗位的制度渠道有限。 

Research shows that internationally educated researchers face persistent labour market barriers. These include visa precarity and limited institutional pathways into stable academic employment.

  • persistent (adj.) 持续存在的,顽固的
  • precarity (n.) 不稳定状态(precarious 的名词形式,学术新词)
  • stable academic employment:稳定的学术职位


即便存在支持 EDI 相关研究或职业发展的资助机制,这些机制也鲜少针对国际受训研究人员所面临的结构性困境而设计。 

Even when funding mechanisms exist to support EDI-related scholarship or professional development, these are rarely designed to address structural constraints faced by internationally trained researchers.

  • funding mechanisms:资助机制
  • scholarship (n.) 此处指"学术研究",而非"奖学金"——注意一词多义



这一差距最终揭示了加拿大对高技能移民的依赖,与学术劳动体系内嵌的制度性障碍之间的深层错位。 

This gap ultimately reveals a misalignment between Canada's reliance on highly skilled immigrants and the institutional barriers embedded within academic labour systems.

  • reveal (v.) 揭示,暴露
  • misalignment (n.) 错位,不一致(mis- 前缀表示"错误、不当")
  • reliance on:对……的依赖
  • embedded (adj.) 嵌入的,根植于……之中的


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才华横溢的研究人员用脚投票


在此背景下,研究显示人才就业不充分与受过大学教育的移民离开加拿大两种现象并存。 

In this context, research shows both underemployment of talent and the departure of university-educated immigrants from Canada.

  • in this context:在此背景下
  • departure (n.) 离开,离境



加拿大公民身份研究所的数据显示,"拥有博士学位者离开加拿大的可能性几乎是学士学位持有者的两倍"。 

The Institute for Canadian Citizenship demonstrates "those with doctorates are nearly twice as likely to leave as those with a bachelor's degree."

  • doctorates (n.) 博士学位(doctorate 的复数)
  • twice as likely to:做某事的可能性是……的两倍,倍数比较句型:X times as + adj. + as



加拿大经济无法承受失去国际受训学术与研究人才的代价,在与美国持续的贸易紧张局势及更广泛的全球经济不确定性背景下尤为如此。 

The Canadian economy cannot afford to lose internationally trained academic and research talent. This is particularly true amid ongoing trade tensions with the United States and broader global economic uncertainty.

  • cannot afford to:承受不起,负担不了
  • ongoing (adj.) 持续进行中的



加拿大的竞争力日益取决于其在科研、创新和高等教育领域吸引并留住高技能工作者的能力。 

Canada's competitiveness increasingly depends on its ability to attract and retain highly skilled workers in research, innovation and higher education.

  • retain (v.) 留住(人才)



联邦政府的报告强调,移民在高学历劳动力的增长中贡献显著,尤其集中在 STEM 和知识密集型领域。 

Reports from the federal government emphasize that immigrants account for a significant share of growth in the highly educated labour force, especially in STEM and knowledge sectors.

  • account for:占,构成(某比例或份额)
  • a significant share of:相当大的比例
  • STEM:Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 的缩写,即理工科
  • knowledge sectors:知识密集型行业





加拿大需要国内创新


贸易中断和贸易保护主义政策——尤其是针对美国的——使加拿大对国内自主创新能力的需求愈加迫切。 

Trade disruptions and protectionist policies — particularly in relation to the United States — have heightened the need for domestic innovation capacity.

  • disruptions (n.) 中断,冲击(disruption 的复数)
  • protectionist (adj.) 贸易保护主义的
  • heighten (v.) 加剧,提升(强度或紧迫性)



若无法将国际受训研究人员纳入稳定的学术岗位,将加剧"人才浪费"风险——即高技能人才明明供不应求,却仍遭受就业不充分的困境。 

Failing to integrate internationally trained researchers into stable academic positions risks exacerbating "brain waste," where highly skilled people are underemployed despite labour shortages.

  • integrate...into:将……融入,纳入
  • exacerbate (v.) 加剧,使恶化(发音:ig-ZAS-er-bate)
  • brain waste:人才浪费(对应 brain drain 人才流失)



在通货膨胀、供应链不稳定和全球格局重塑的时代背景下,留住全球人才不仅是公平议题,更是经济层面的当务之急。 

In a period marked by inflation, supply chain instability and shifting global alliances, retaining global talent is not only an equity issue but an economic imperative.

  • marked by:以……为特征的(过去分词短语作后置定语)
  • imperative (n.) 当务之急,必要之事(此处为名词,也可作形容词"必须的")



加拿大的长期韧性有赖于将移民政策与高等教育和科研领域的机构招聘实践相协调。 

Canada's long-term resilience depends on aligning immigration policy with institutional hiring practices in higher education and research sectors.

  • resilience (n.) 韧性,抗压能力
  • align...with...:使……与……协调一致
  • institutional hiring practices:机构招聘惯例



首先,我们与通过跨学科研究伙伴网络"UnborderED Knowledge"(名称中的"ED"强调教育)组织发表联名公开信的逾百位联署人一道,呼吁为国际受训研究人员设立专属永久居留通道。 

First, along with more than 100 signatories of an open letter to the federal government organized through the interdisciplinary research partnership network UnborderED Knowledge (the "ED" in the name emphasizes education), we call for designated permanent residence pathways for internationally trained researchers.

  • signatories (n.) 联署人,签署者(signatory 的复数)
  • interdisciplinary (adj.) 跨学科的
  • call for:呼吁,要求
  • designated (adj.) 专门指定的



2026年2月快速通道的公告为 IRCC 提供了契机,使其得以专门为研究人员设立一轮抽签,并设定能够纠正 CRS 年龄偏差的积分门槛。他们应尽快付诸行动。 

The February 2026 Express Entry announcement provides an opportunity for IRCC to make a specific draw for researchers with a point threshold that redresses age biases in the CRS. They should do so as soon as possible.

  • redress (v.) 纠正,补救(正式用语,redress a bias/wrong)
  • bias (n.) 偏见,偏差(biases 为复数)



其次,科研机构的招聘实践必须将移民身份纳入公平议题加以认可和照顾,正如"三机构招募、聘用与留用最佳实践指南"所述。 

Second, hiring practices in research institutions must acknowledge and accommodate immigration status as an equity issue, as outlined in the Tri-Agency Best Practices Guide for Recruitment, Hiring and Retention.

  • acknowledge (v.) 承认,认可
  • accommodate (v.) 照顾,顾及(需求或情况)
  • Tri-Agency:加拿大三大科研资助机构(SSHRC、NSERC、CIHR)的简称
  • as outlined in:正如……所概述的



第三,依据安大略省人权委员会的研究结论,联邦和省级政府应与各领域雇主携手合作,确保国际研究人员不因海外学历和经验而受到不公正的惩罚。 

Third, in line with findings from the Ontario Human Rights Commission, federal and provincial governments should work with employers across all sectors to ensure that international researchers are not unfairly penalized for foreign credentials and experience.

  • in line with:依照,与……一致
  • findings (n.) 研究结论,调查发现
  • penalize (v.) 惩罚,使处于不利地位(此处指制度性的不公平对待)
  • foreign credentials:海外学历与资质证书