魁省移民部长

魁北克省移民部长让-弗朗索瓦-罗伯日 (Jean-Francois Roberge) 日前宣布,未来数年内该省永久移民目标或大幅下调至每年2.5万人,并称在联邦政府未将临时居民人数减半前,不会考虑提高配额。这一举措引发了关于公共服务承载力、法语文化保护与家庭团聚权利的激烈讨论。本文为你拆解魁省这一最新移民战略背后的数据、逻辑与争议。


魁北克省移民部长表示,魁北克省政府将把永久移民目标降至每年 25,000 人,并在渥太华同意将该省临时居民人数减半之前保持这一目标。

Quebec’s immigration minister says the government will drop its permanent immigration targets to as low as 25,000 people per year, and keep them low until Ottawa agrees to slash the number of temporary residents in the province by half.

  • drop its targets:drop (v.) 在此表示“降低、减少”,常用于政策调整语境;targets (n.) 是“目标”。

  • to as low as 25,000 people per year:表达降到“低至”的用法,句式常用于经济、人口数据等报道。

  • keep them low:keep + 宾语 + 形容词,表示“保持……处于低水平”。

  • Ottawa:代指加拿大联邦政府,是常见的地名代称。

  • slash the number:slash (v.) 表示“骤减、大幅削减”,是较有力度的词汇,用于政策语境中。

  • temporary residents:指“临时居民”,包括留学生、工人、寻求庇护者等。



让-弗朗索瓦·罗伯日周四表示,政府将研究三种方案:每年接收 25,000、35,000 和 45,000 名永久移民。

Jean-François Roberge said Thursday the government will study three scenarios: 25,000, 35,000 and 45,000 permanent immigrants per year.

  • scenarios (n.):意为“方案、设想、情景”,在政策讨论中常用于表达多种备选情况。

  • 冒号后的并列数字构成了enumeration(列举),常见于新闻和正式报告。

  • permanent immigrants:永久移民,对应 temporary residents(临时居民),是移民体系中的基本术语。



目前,魁北克预计在 2025 年接收约 64,000 名永久移民,2024 年则接收约 60,000 名。

Currently, Quebec is projected to accept about 64,000 permanent immigrants in 2025, after taking about 60,000 in 2024.

  • is projected to:常用于预测语境,表示“预计将……”,是被动语态中表将来的结构。

  • accept... permanent immigrants:accept 在此表示“接收”,与 “receive” 类似但更正式。

  • after taking about 60,000:take 作“接纳、吸收”理解,是更口语化的说法,对比 accept 更自然。



罗伯日确认,所有三种方案都意味着移民目标的下降。他表示,做出这一决定是因为魁北克省的临时居民人数非常多,已“远远超出传统移民情景的预期”。

Roberge confirmed that all three potential scenarios represent a reduction in Quebec’s immigration target. He said the move was needed because of the high number of temporary residents in the province, which he described as “truly, completely, beyond what is usually expected in classic migration scenarios.”

  • confirmed that:新闻中常用动词,表示“证实”,后接宾语从句。

  • represent a reduction in...:represent 表示“意味着”;a reduction in 是固定搭配,表示“在……方面的减少”。

  • the move was needed:常用于表达“该举措是有必要的”。

  • classic migration scenarios:在这里,classic 意为“传统的、典型的”;scenario 表示“局面、情境”,这是对当前人口流动的参考模型。



近年来,包括难民申请者、留学生和临时外国工人在内的临时居民人数激增,从 2018 年的 16 万人增加到目前的约 62 万人。

Roberge said the number of temporary residents, which include asylum seekers, international students and temporary foreign workers, has skyrocketed in recent years from 160,000 in 2018 to about 620,000 at present.

  • asylum seekers:难民申请人,指申请避难的人;是移民新闻常见术语。

  • skyrocketed:动词,表示“飙升”,是一种生动的比喻表达,强调增长速度极快。

  • at present:意为“目前”,是书面语中常见的时间副词。



其中有约 40 万到 42 万人是通过联邦政府管理的项目进入魁北克的,他再次要求渥太华将这一人数在 2029 年前削减到 20 万人。他说:“只要我们还没有将人数控制到 20 万,我们就不可能考虑增加永久居民。”

He said between 400,000 and 420,000 of those are in the province under programs managed by the federal government, and reiterated a demand for Ottawa to slash their numbers in half, to 200,000, by 2029. “As long as we haven’t reached this ceiling of 200,000 for us, well, there’s no way we can consider increasing our permanent residents,” Roberge said.

  • under programs managed by...:这是常见结构,指“受……管理的项目/计划之下”。

  • reiterated a demand:reiterate (v.) 表示“重申”;demand 是“要求”。

  • slash their numbers in half:in half 明确了削减的幅度。

  • there’s no way we can...:no way 是较强烈的否定表达,相当于“我们绝不可能……”。

  • ceiling (n.):在这里比喻为“上限”。



如果渥太华不能妥善将寻求庇护者分配到其他省份,且不能减少临时移民的总量,罗伯日表示不排除削减对他们服务的可能性。

Roberge said he also didn’t rule out the possibility of eventually reducing the services offered to asylum seekers if Ottawa doesn’t “do its job” in redistributing them to other parts of the country and reducing temporary immigration as a whole.

  • didn’t rule out the possibility of...:是“没有排除……可能性”的表达方式。

  • do its job:带有指责意味的表达,暗示联邦政府没有履行应尽责任。

  • as a whole:常用于指总体、整体情况,是书面语中重要的表达。



Image

Quebec Minister of Immigration Jean-Francois Roberge shows a graphic after he tabled the planfor immigration at the legislature in Quebec City, Thursday, June 5, 2025. THE CANADIANPRESS/Jacques Boissinot 

2025 年 6 月 5 日星期四,魁北克移⺠部⻓让-弗朗索瓦-罗伯日(Jean-Francois Roberge)在魁北克市立法机构提交移⺠计划后展示了一张图表。加拿大通讯社/Jacques Boissinot 



魁北克统计局的一项最新报告显示,截至今年1月,该省大约有18万名寻求庇护者,占全加拿大总数的约40%。

A recent report by Quebec’s statistics agency found the province was home to about 180,000 asylum seekers as of January, accounting for about 40 per cent of the total number in Canada.

  • statistics agency:统计机构,官方数据来源。

  • was home to:固定表达,表示“居住着……”,语义温和,用于描写人口构成。

  • as of January:指“截至一月”,是描述时间节点的常见表达。

  • accounting for...:现在分词作状语,表示“占……比例”,是常见的数据描述句式。



他说:“我只是想说,现状在公共服务或公共财政方面都是不可持续的。”

“I am simply saying that the status quo isn’t sustainable, either for public services or public finances,” he said.

  • status quo (n.):现状,拉丁语词根,正式用法,常出现在政策或改革讨论中。

  • isn’t sustainable:表达“无法维持、不持久”的常用说法,sustainable 一词也广泛用于环保领域。

  • either... or...:连接两个负面选项,表示两者皆不例外。



部长表示,由于失业率上升、新移民对公共服务和住房价格的压力,以及保护法语的需要,必须减少移民人数。

The minister said immigration numbers need to go down due to higher unemployment, the strain placed by newcomers on public services and housing prices, and the need to protect the French language.

  • need to go down:表达“需要减少”;简单但强有力。

  • strain placed by newcomers:strain (n.) 表示“压力”;place strain on... 是固定结构。

  • newcomers (n.):移民类语境中常用,意为“新来者”,既包括临时也包括永久移民。

  • housing prices:房地产价格,在加拿大移民与本地民生政策中是敏感议题。

  • protect the French language:魁北克的语言保护议题,是其独特政治文化的重要部分。



他表示,魁北克也将努力减少由其自身管理的移民项目中的临时移民人数,尽管减少幅度远小于对联邦政府的要求。

He said Quebec will also work to decrease temporary immigration in the streams under its own jurisdiction — though by a far smaller percentage than they’re asking of their federal counterparts.

  • streams under its own jurisdiction:stream (n.) 在此意为“路径、通道”,指特定移民类别;jurisdiction 是“管辖权”。

  • federal counterparts:counterpart 表示“对口机构、同行”,此处指联邦层面的相关管理机构。

  • by a far smaller percentage:强调“减少幅度远低于……”。



这些措施包括在四年内将临时外籍工人从72,000人减至65,000人,将留学生人数从128,000人减至110,000人。罗伯日表示,这些削减将主要集中在失业率较高、法语面临更大威胁的蒙特利尔和拉瓦尔地区。

Those measures include decreasing the number of temporary foreign workers to 65,000 from 72,000 over four years, and international students to 110,000 from 128,000. Roberge said the cuts will happen mostly in the Montreal and Laval areas, where unemployment is higher and the French language is most at risk.

  • temporary foreign workers:移民政策中常用术语。

  • decrease... to... from...:描述数量变化的固定句式。

  • at risk:常用于表示某事物“处于危险中”,搭配 the French language 表示语言文化濒危。



罗伯日说,他希望魁北克新永久移民中至少63%来自已在本地的临时居民,并再次强调最终目标是让100%的经济类移民都会讲法语。

Roberge said he wants at least 63 per cent of Quebec’s new permanent immigrants to be drawn from the pool of temporary residents who are already in the province, and reiterated the province’s aim of eventually having 100 per cent of its economic immigrants being able to speak French.

  • be drawn from the pool:draw from 表示“从……中选出”;pool 为“资源储备、人群”。

  • economic immigrants:指通过工作或投资等途径移民的人群,是加拿大移民体系的重要组成。

  • reiterated the aim:重申目标;reiterate 是正式语体常用动词。



“要求成为魁北克公民并不是一项权利,”罗伯日说,“而是一种特权。我们希望把这种特权授予那些已经在此地,并在经济、文化和人口方面作出贡献的人。”

“It is not a right to demand that you become a citizen here in Quebec,” Roberge said. “It’s a privilege, but it’s a privilege that we want to grant to people who are already here, for the most part, who make an economic, cultural and demographic contribution.”

  • It is not a right... it’s a privilege:这对比结构强调从“权利”到“特权”的转变,是政府收紧移民政策的常见说法。

  • grant to people who...:grant (v.) 表示“授予、给予”;make a contribution 是常用正面评价表达。

  • economic, cultural and demographic contribution:涉及多方面的贡献标准,是判断移民“价值”的核心依据。



部长表示,在公布2026至2029年的最终移民目标之前,政府将就相关变化展开磋商。

The minister said the government will hold consultations on the changes before announcing its final 2026 to 2029 targets.

  • hold consultations:进行磋商,是政策出台前的民主程序。

  • before announcing:时间状语从句中省略了连接词“before they announce”,结构简洁。



在质询时间中,罗伯日似乎承认,若采纳最低的永久移民配额,家庭团聚的等待时间可能延长,而目前该项等待时间已远高于加拿大其他省份。

Roberge appeared to concede during question period that the lowest proposed permanent immigration target could result in longer waits for family reunification, which are already far longer than elsewhere in Canada.

  • appeared to concede:concede 表示“承认(不利事实)”,是一种微妙的语气,避免直接表态。

  • family reunification:移民系统中的一项核心政策,指配偶、子女、父母等家庭成员移民。

  • already far longer than elsewhere:结构中 elsewhere 表示“其他地方”,是常用于比较句型的副词。



举例来说,担保配偶来魁北克平均等待时间为37个月,而加拿大其他地区仅为11个月。

As an example, the average wait time to sponsor a spouse to come to Quebec is 37 months, compared to 11 elsewhere in Canada.

  • sponsor a spouse:移民术语,sponsor 指担保,spouse 指配偶。

  • compared to...:用于引出对比数据,清晰明了。



罗伯日表示,制定移民目标必须在多种关切之间取得平衡,包括青年失业率、雇主对劳动力的需求、经济发展及家庭团聚问题。“25,000这个数有好处。你可以提所有确实存在的不利之处,我们可以讨论。”

Roberge said choosing a target means balancing multiple concerns, including youth unemployment, the labour needs of employers, economic development and family concerns. “There are advantages with the 25,000. You name the disadvantages that are real, we’ll debate,” he said.

  • means balancing multiple concerns:指出制定目标不是技术问题,而是价值权衡。

  • youth unemployment:青年失业,政策制定时常被特别提及。

  • labour needs of employers:雇主对劳动力的需求,属于经济导向的考量。

  • You name the disadvantages...:you name it 是口语化表达,意为“你尽管说出来”;配合 we’ll debate 表达开放但坚定的政府立场。