加拿大经济大地震！贫富收入差距创历史纪录，哪些人狂赚？哪些人原地踏步？

导语

加拿大统计局发布2025最新数据：收入前20%家庭平均净资产达330万加元，而后40%的家庭仅为8.5万。专家警告：“不能只谈经济增长，更要谈分配和尊严。”

加拿大统计局周三表示，2025年第一季度，加拿大收入最高和最低家庭之间的收入差距达到了历史最高水平。

OTTAWA — The income gap between the country’s highest and lowest income households reached a record high in the first quarter of 2025, Statistics Canada said Wednesday.

income gap：收入差距
households：家庭单位（经济统计中常用术语）
reached a record high：达到历史新高
the first quarter：第一季度（1–3月）

该机构表示，今年前三个月，收入分布中排名前40%和后40%的家庭在可支配收入所占比例上的差距扩大到了49个百分点。

The agency said the difference in the share of disposable income between households in the top 40 per cent of the income distribution and the bottom 40 per cent grew to 49 percentage points in the first three months of the year.

disposable income：可支配收入（税后收入）
income distribution：收入分布
percentage points：百分点，用于描述两个比例之间的变化差值

“考虑到我们目前所经历的经济不确定性和劳动力市场的压力，这个结果并不令人意外。失业率在上升，尤其是在年轻人身上——很多刚毕业的学生找不到第一份工作。”

“It’s not a surprise with the economic uncertainty we’ve been experiencing and the stress in the labour market. Unemployment is rising, and it’s really rising in particular for young people — young graduates coming out of school, they’re not finding their first job,”

economic uncertainty：经济不确定性
labour market stress：劳动力市场压力
in particular：尤其，特别
young graduates coming out of school：刚毕业的年轻人
not finding their first job：找不到第一份工作，强调起步阶段的困难

加拿大政策替代中心（Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives）专注于性别平等和公共政策的高级研究员 Katherine Scott 如是说。

said Katherine Scott, a senior researcher focused on gender equality and public policy at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.

“所有这些都在导致经济压力加剧，而这些现象也反映在了数据中。”

“This is all contributing to a lot of economic distress, and it is turning up in the data.”

economic distress：经济困境
turning up in the data：在数据中显现出来

加拿大统计局表示，自从新冠疫情爆发以来，这一指标每年都在上升。

Statistics Canada said the measure has increased each year following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

the measure：该指标，指收入差距
following the onset of...：自……开始以来

该机构表示，2025年第一季度，收入最高的家庭通过投资获得收益，而收入最低的家庭工资则有所下降。

For the first quarter of 2025, it said the increase came as the highest income households gained from investments, while the lowest income households saw wages decline.

gained from investments：通过投资获利
wages decline：工资下降

斯科特表示，收入较高的人在疫情期间并未经历收入下降，许多人仍保住了工作。

Scott said many individuals at the higher end of the income scale didn’t see their incomes decline during the pandemic, with many staying in their jobs.

higher end of the income scale：收入分布的高端人群
stay in their jobs：继续工作/未失业

“但更重要的是，他们当时有能力从投资市场的大幅上涨中获利，而且这一趋势一直持续到现在。”

“But more importantly, they were in a position to take advantage of the huge run-up of the investment markets that happened at that time and have continued to increase ever since,” Scott said.

take advantage of：利用、把握
huge run-up：大幅上涨，常用于描述市场快速增长
ever since：自那以后一直

收入最低的20%家庭的可支配收入年增长率为3.2%，为所有收入群体中最弱，同时他们的平均工资同比下降了0.7%。

Those in the bottom 20 per cent of the income distribution saw the weakest growth in disposable income in the first quarter at 3.2 per cent compared with a year ago as their average wages edged down 0.7 per cent.

bottom 20 per cent：收入最低的20%人群
saw the weakest growth：增长最弱
edged down：小幅下降

“我认为这通常与低收入人群的收入增长疲软有关，他们挣得比平均水平低，日子更难过。而收入高于平均水平的人，收入增长则较为可观。”

“I think it’s generally related to poor income growth by lower-income earners, people earning less than the average income. They’re having a harder time making ends meet.

making ends meet：收支平衡，应付生活

“而对于高于平均水平的人来说，收入增长相当积极，”罗特曼管理学院（Rotman School of Management）教授大卫·索伯曼（David Soberman）说。

"Whereas the income growth is being pretty positive for people above average,” said David Soberman, a professor at Rotman School of Management.

poor income growth：收入增长缓慢
above average：高于平均水平

“当这种情况发生时，贫富差距会加剧，我认为这会在社会中造成很大的不满情绪。”

“When that happens, you get an increasing wealth gap, and I think it creates a lot of frustration in society.”

wealth gap：财富差距
frustration in society：社会上的不满情绪

收入最低的家庭在净投资收入方面的跌幅最大，他们的投资收益下降了35.3%，而来自政府的净转移收入（包括各类补贴）上升了31.2%。

The lowest income households also saw the largest drop in net investment income as their investment earnings fell 35.3 per cent, while net transfers received, including increased government support measures, rose 31.2 per cent.

net investment income：净投资收入（扣除亏损的投资收入）
net transfers：净转移收入，指政府补贴/福利
support measures：支持措施，通常指政策补贴

在所有收入群体中，收入最高的20%家庭在2025年第一季度可支配收入增长最快，同比上升7.7%。

The average disposable income for those in the top 20 per cent of the income distribution increased at the fastest pace of any income group in the first quarter of 2025 as they benefited from a 7.7 per cent increase compared with a year earlier.

top 20 per cent：收入前20%
at the fastest pace：增速最快
benefited from：受益于……

这些高收入家庭的平均工资增长了4.7%，投资收入增长了7.4%。

The highest income households saw a 4.7 per cent increase in average wages and a 7.4 per cent gain in investment income.

gain in investment income：投资收入增长

加拿大统计局表示，贫富差距也在扩大，收入最高的20%家庭占据了全国64.7%的净资产，平均每户净资产为330万加元。

Statistics Canada said the wealth gap also increased as the top 20 per cent of the wealth distribution accounted for 64.7 per cent of Canada’s total net worth in the first quarter, averaging $3.3 million per household.

accounted for 64.7 per cent of total net worth：占全国净资产的64.7%
averaging $3.3 million per household：每户平均330万加元

而财富分布中处于后40%的家庭仅占3.3%的净资产，平均每户为85,700加元。

The bottom 40 per cent of the wealth distribution accounted for 3.3 per cent of net worth, averaging $85,700 per household.

bottom 40 per cent：后40%的群体
net worth：净资产 = 总资产 - 负债

斯科特指出，在2008–09年金融危机后，社会上曾掀起关于收入不平等的广泛讨论，而如今这种讨论似乎并没有发生。

Scott highlighted that following the 2008–09 recession, there was a “real discussion” regarding rising income inequality, which doesn’t appear to be taking place currently.

highlighted：强调、指出
income inequality：收入不平等
taking place：发生，进行

“这样的数据，创历史新高，是一个警钟。我们不能继续忽视这种趋势，必须关注经济结构和财富的分配方式。”

“This kind of information, the largest gap ever, it’s a wake-up call. We can’t sustain it, we have to pay attention to the structure of our economy and the distribution of that,” she said.

wake-up call：警钟、警示
we can’t sustain it：这种局面不能持续
distribution：分配，指的是收入/财富分配

“我们不仅要让经济增长这块‘蛋糕’变大，也要讨论如何分蛋糕。重要的是，人们能够有尊严地过上体面的生活。”

“We have to grow the pie, but we have to talk about the distribution of the pie. It matters that people are able to live a decent quality of life with dignity.