加拿大留学骤降 40%？高校裁员 1 万人，未来将如何应对？

加拿大长期以来是留学生和国际工人的理想目的地，但 2025 年的数据却让人警醒：学签骤减、工签收紧、配偶签证受限。是加拿大在主动“降温”，还是国际人才正在“另择去处”？面对 20% 的青年失业率和教育行业的资金缺口，加拿大移民政策的深层逻辑，正在逐渐显现。

加拿大长期以来一直是国际学生和工人的首选目的地，但 2025 年标志着其移民格局的重大转变。

Canada has long been a top destination for international students and workers, but 2025 marks a significant shift in its immigration landscape.

top destination = 首选目的地，常见于留学、旅游、移民话题。
marks a significant shift = “标志着重大转变”，mark 在这里不是“记号”，而是“象征/显示”。
immigration landscape = 移民格局，常用比喻，指整体形势或结构。

根据加拿大移民、难民和公民部（IRCC）的最新数据，新抵达的临时居民人数大幅下降。

According to the latest data from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), new arrivals of temporary residents have significantly declined.

new arrivals = 新抵达者，常用于统计移民/留学生人数。
temporary residents = 临时居民，包括留学生、临时工人等。
significantly declined = 大幅下降，常见于学术和新闻报道的趋势表达。

具体来说，与 2024 年同期相比，学习许可持有者和临时外国工人计划（TFWP）工作许可持有者在 2025 年 1 月至 6 月期间大幅下降。

Specifically study permit holders and Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) work permit holders—have significantly declined between January and June 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

study permit holders = 学习许可持有者（留学生）。
Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) = 临时外国工人计划，加拿大主要的外籍工人引进渠道之一。
compared to the same period in 2024 = 与 2024 年同期相比。

随着对 2025 年全年的预测持续下降，加拿大的移民政策正在重塑其人口和经济未来。

With projections for the full year of 2025 showing a continued downward trend, Canada’s immigration policies are reshaping its demographic and economic future.

projections = 数据预测，常见于经济、人口学。
downward trend = 下降趋势。
reshaping its demographic and economic future = 重塑人口与经济未来，语气正式。

是什么推动了这一变化，这些数字对加拿大的全球吸引力意味着什么？

What’s driving this change, and what do the numbers mean for Canada’s global appeal?

driving this change = 驱动变化，drive 表示“推动”。
global appeal = 全球吸引力，强调国际竞争力。

从收紧的监管到不断变化的人口结构，让我们来了解一下趋势、数字和影响。

From tightened regulations to shifting demographics, let’s unpack the trends, numbers, and implications.

tightened regulations = 收紧的政策/监管。
shifting demographics = 人口结构的变化。
unpack = 拆解/解析，比 analyze 更口语化，也常用于媒体标题。

A Sharp Decline in New Arrivals

新来者大幅下降

2024 年 1 月至 6 月（第一季度至第二季度），加拿大向 245,055 名独立人士颁发了学习许可，向 109,310 名独立人士颁发了 TFWP 工作许可，总计 354,365 人。

In January–June 2024 (Q1-Q2), Canada issued study permits to 245,055 unique persons and TFWP work permits to 109,310 unique persons, totaling 354,365.

unique persons = 统计学用法，指“独立个体”，避免重复计数。
totaling = 总计。

在 2025 年 1 月至 6 月（第一季度至第二季度），这些数字下降至 149,860 名学习许可持有者和 105,195 名 TFWP 工作许可持有者，总计 255,055 名新抵达者。

In January–June 2025 (Q1-Q2), these figures dropped to 149,860 study permit holders and 105,195 TFWP work permit holders, totaling 255,055 new arrivals.

these figures dropped to … = 这些数据下降到……，标准的统计报道用语。
new arrivals = 新抵达者。

这意味着学习许可持有者减少了 38.9%（从 245,055 人减少到 149,860 人），TFWP 工作许可持有者减少了 3.8%（从 109,310 人减少到 105,195 人），或者新来者总共下降了 28.0%（从 354,365 人减少到 255,055 人）。

This represents a 38.9% decrease in study permit holders (from 245,055 to 149,860) and a 3.8% decrease in TFWP work permit holders (from 109,310 to 105,195), or a combined decline of 28.0% in new arrivals (from 354,365 to 255,055).

this represents … = 这意味着……，数据报道的常用句型。
combined decline = 总体下降。

按月计算，2024 年 1 月至 6 月平均有 40,842 名学习许可持有者和 18,218 名 TFWP 工作许可持有者，而 2025 年 1 月至 6 月为 24,976 名学习许可持有者和 17,532 名 TFWP 工作许可持有者。

On a monthly basis, January–June 2024 averaged 40,842 study permit holders and 18,218 TFWP work permit holders, compared to 24,976 study permit holders and 17,532 TFWP work permit holders in January–June 2025.

on a monthly basis = 按月计算。
averaged … = 平均为……。
compared to = 与……相比，常用的比较结构。

假设 2025 年第一季度至第二季度的趋势继续呈线性趋势，我们可以预测 2025 年的全年数据。

Assuming the trends from Q1-Q2 2025 continue linearly, we can project full-year figures for 2025.

assuming … = 假设……，常见于预测类文章。
project figures = 预测数据。
continue linearly = 持续呈线性变化。

对于学习许可，第一季度至第二季度颁发的 149,860 份表明每年总数约为 299,720 份（2 × 149,860 份），但考虑到 2024 年的历史模式，第三季度的季节性峰值（例如，8 月份的学术入学人数）可能会将这一数字增加到 350,000 份左右（第三季度比第一季度至第二季度的平均水平增长 43.5%）。

For study permits, the 149,860 issued in Q1-Q2 suggest an annual total of approximately 299,720 (149,860 × 2), though seasonal spikes in Q3 (e.g., August for academic intakes) could increase this to around 350,000, factoring in historical patterns from 2024 (where Q3 saw a 43.5% increase over Q1-Q2 averages).

seasonal spikes = 季节性激增。
academic intakes = 学术招生（入学潮）。
factoring in … = 将……因素考虑在内。

对于 TFWP 工作许可证，第一季度至第二季度的 105,195 份表明每年总数约为 210,390 份（2 × 105,195 份），由于劳动力需求稳定，季节性变化较小。

For TFWP work permits, the 105,195 in Q1-Q2 suggest an annual total of approximately 210,390 (105,195 × 2), with less seasonal variation due to consistent labor demand.

less seasonal variation = 季节性变化较小。
consistent labor demand = 稳定的劳动力需求。

这个数字与加拿大政府设定的 82,000 个 TFWP 工作许可证的目标相比太高了。

This number is way too high from the Canadian government’s set target of 82,000 TFWP work permits.

way too high = 太高了，语气比 much higher 更强烈。
set target = 设定的目标。

2025 年，大约 560,390 份学习许可和 TFWP 工作许可将比 2024 年的 706,790 份减少 20.7%，但高于 2025 年设定的移民目标。

Combined, 2025 could see roughly 560,390 study permits and TFWP work permits, a 20.7% decrease from 2024’s 706,790, but higher than set immigration targets for 2025.

combined = 合计。
roughly = 大约。
higher than set immigration targets = 高于设定的移民目标。

Canada’s Bold Reforms

加拿大的大胆改革

新抵达人数的下降是 IRCC 自 2024 年以来实施的管理临时居民水平的政策变化的直接结果：

The decline in new arrivals is a direct result of IRCC’s policy changes, implemented since 2024 to manage temporary resident levels:

a direct result of = 直接结果。
implemented since 2024 = 自 2024 年起实施。
manage temporary resident levels = 管控临时居民规模。

学习许可上限：全国范围内分布在各省的学习许可申请上限大大减少了新生流入。有关 2025 年新的加拿大学习许可上限的详细信息，请点击此处。

Study Permit Caps: A nationwide cap on study permit applications, distributed across provinces, has significantly reduced new student inflows. Details on the new Canada study permit cap for 2025 are available here.

study permit cap = 学习许可上限，特指政府设定的数量限制。
distributed across provinces = 按省分配。
inflows = 流入，常用于移民或资本。

更高的财务要求：生活成本门槛的提高使一些学生难以前往加拿大。阅读有关学习许可的新生活成本上涨的信息。

Higher Financial Requirements: Increased cost-of-living thresholds have made Canada less accessible for some students. Read about the new cost of living increase for study permits.

financial requirements = 财务要求，移民申请常见术语。
cost-of-living thresholds = 生活成本门槛。
less accessible = 不太容易获得/进入。

更严格的 PGWP 资格：新的研究领域要求和限制限制毕业后的工作机会。查看加拿大符合 PGWP 资格的新字段列表。

Stricter PGWP Eligibility: New field-of-study requirements and restrictions limit post-graduation work opportunities. Check Canada’s new list of PGWP-eligible fields.

PGWP (Post-Graduation Work Permit) = 毕业后工作许可。
field-of-study requirements = 专业要求。
eligible fields = 符合条件的领域。

修订后的工作规则：校外工作条件的变化降低了学生的灵活性。

Revised Work Rules: Changes to off-campus work conditions have reduced flexibility for students.

off-campus work = 校外工作。
reduced flexibility = 降低灵活性。

关闭加急流：学生直接流和尼日利亚学生快递等计划已停止，导致申请处理速度减慢。

Closure of Expedited Streams: Programs like the Student Direct Stream and Nigeria Student Express have been discontinued, slowing application processing.

expedited streams = 加急通道。
discontinued = 停止。
application processing = 申请处理。

对于 TFWP 工人，改革包括：
For TFWP workers, reforms include:

新冠疫情时代政策的结束：从访客到工作许可的轻松过渡已被逐步淘汰。

End of COVID-Era Policies: Easy transitions from visitor to work permits have been phased out.

COVID-Era Policies = 新冠时期政策。
phased out = 逐步淘汰。

公司内部调动（ICT）限制：资格仅限于跨国公司的专业知识员工。

Intra-Company Transferee (ICT) Restrictions: Eligibility is limited to specialized knowledge employees of multinational corporations.

Intra-Company Transferee (ICT) = 公司内部调动人员。
specialized knowledge employees = 专业知识型员工。

禁止旗标：取消了当日边境处理，需要标准的申请渠道。

Ban on Flagpoling: Same-day border processing has been eliminated, requiring standard application channels.

flagpoling = 在边境当天办理移民手续的做法。
eliminated = 取消。
application channels = 申请途径。

多年工作许可目标：从 2025 年开始，IRCC 对新的 TFWP 和国际流动计划（IMP）许可证设定了限制。

Multi-Year Work Permit Targets: Starting in 2025, IRCC has set limits on new TFWP and International Mobility Program (IMP) permits.

multi-year targets = 多年目标。
International Mobility Program (IMP) = 国际流动计划，涵盖部分不需要 LMIA 的工签。

配偶工作许可限制：配偶开放式工作许可（SOWP）的资格已收紧，特别是对于学生和某些工人的配偶。

Spousal Work Permit Restrictions: Eligibility for Spousal Open Work Permits (SOWPs) has been tightened, particularly for spouses of students and certain workers.

Spousal Open Work Permits (SOWPs) = 配偶开放式工作签证。
tightened = 收紧。
particularly for = 尤其是针对。

这些措施与加拿大的 2025 年移民水平计划保持一致，该计划首次包括临时居民的目标，旨在到 2026 年将其在人口中所占的比例从 7% 降低到 5%。

These measures align with Canada’s 2025 Immigration Levels Plan, which, for the first time, includes targets for temporary residents, aiming to reduce their share of the population from 7% to 5% by 2026.

align with = 与……保持一致。
immigration levels plan = 移民水平计划。
reduce their share of the population = 降低他们在人口中的比例。

Implications for Canada’s Future

对加拿大未来的影响

预计 2025 年新国际学生人数将下降，可能会重塑严重依赖国际学生学费的加拿大教育部门。

The projected decline in new international students for 2025 could reshape Canada’s education sector, which relies heavily on international student tuition.

projected decline = 预计下降。
relies heavily on = 严重依赖于。

大学和学院，尤其是安大略省和不列颠哥伦比亚省等省份的大学和学院，可能面临财务挑战。

Universities and colleges, especially in provinces like Ontario and British Columbia, may face financial challenges.

financial challenges = 财务困难。
especially in provinces like… = 尤其是在……省份。

然而，劳动力市场受益于持续的 TFWP 工作许可证持有者，特别是来自解决短缺问题的国家。

The labor market, however, benefits from sustained TFWP work permit holders, particularly from countries addressing shortages.

sustained = 持续的、稳定的。
address shortages = 应对短缺。

然而，加拿大青年的失业率大幅飙升，超过 20%，这就是为什么 TFWP 现在比以往任何时候都受到更多的批评。

However, there has been significant surge in unemployment rate for Canadian youth exceeding 20% which is why TFWP is now being criticised more than ever.