加拿大一直以“全民免费医疗”闻名。居民看医生、住院治疗,大多数费用都由政府公共医疗体系承担,被很多人视为理想的医疗模式。
但现实情况却越来越复杂。根据 2026 年 3 月13 日的新闻数据显示,一些城市急诊等待时间已经超过 20小时。在安大略省,今年1月被收治入院的患者平均要在急诊室等待 20.3小时 才能获得病房床位;魁北克急诊担架平均等待时间也达到 18小时。
在许多医生看来,急诊室正在被迫承担本不属于它的角色——成为医院的“临时住院区”。
在“全民免费医疗”的理想之下,加拿大医疗体系正面临一场越来越严峻的现实挑战。
加拿大医院急诊室里的现实:在临时担架上躺六天。病床被放在储物间里。病人在椅子上等候时死亡。
Six days in an overflow stretcher. Beds in storage rooms. Patients dying in their seats.
overflow stretcher:临时担架、加床担架。overflow 原意是“溢出”,在医院语境中指“病床不够而临时增加的床位”。
patients dying in their seats:字面意思是“病人在座位上死亡”,强调医疗系统严重拥挤导致的极端后果。
不,我们不是在描述HBO那部风格写实的医疗剧《The Pitt》中的一集。这些场景是真实发生在加拿大急诊室里的。
No, we're not describing an episode of HBO's gritty medical drama The Pitt. These are real-life scenes playing out in Canada's emergency rooms.
gritty(形容词):写实的、残酷真实的。
medical drama:医疗题材电视剧。
real-life scenes:真实场景。
play out:逐渐上演、真实发生。
从纽芬兰与拉布拉多省卡博尼尔镇——一名男子在等待10小时看医生时突发心脏病去世——到卡尔加里——一名女子在急诊担架上流血数小时并哀求“求你们别让我死”——随着积压病例和就医渠道问题影响病人流动,加拿大的医院正被挤得水泄不通。
From Carbonear, N.L., where a man recently died of a heart attack during a 10-hour wait to see a doctor, to Calgary, where a woman pleaded "please don't let me die" during the hours she bled onto a stretcher in the ER, hospitals are bursting at the seams as backlogs and access issues affect patient flow.
died of a heart attack:死于心脏病发作。
pleaded(动词):恳求、哀求。
bled onto:血流到……上。
ER (Emergency Room):急诊室。
bursting at the seams:字面是“接缝被撑裂”,比喻“极度拥挤”。
backlogs:积压的问题或病例。
patient flow:医疗系统中的“病人流动效率”。
“我认为我们已经接近崩溃点了。”加拿大医学协会主席玛戈特·伯内尔博士告诉CBC新闻。
"I think we're close to the breaking point," Dr. Margot Burnell, the president of the Canadian Medical Association (CMA), told CBC News.
breaking point:崩溃点、极限。
president of the Canadian Medical Association:加拿大医学协会主席。
伯内尔表示,急诊科面临的问题是,他们无法控制谁会走进急诊室的大门。
The issue for emergency departments is that they can't control who comes through their doors, said Burnell, a medical oncologist in Saint John, N.B.
issue:问题、难题。
emergency departments:急诊科。
come through their doors:走进他们的门,指“前来就诊”。
medical oncologist:肿瘤内科医生。
她说,急诊室不仅接诊人数在增加,而且来的病人医疗情况也更加复杂。
ERs are not only seeing increased numbers, but the patients that come through are also more medically complex.
increased numbers:人数增加。
medically complex:医疗状况复杂。
伯内尔解释说,这意味着无论是见医生还是住院等床位,等待时间都会更长。
This means longer wait-times both to see a doctor and to get a bed when a patient is admitted, Burnell explained.
wait-times:等待时间。
be admitted:被收治入院。
她说:“不幸的是,患者护理正在受到影响。”
"Patient care, unfortunately, is being affected."
patient care:医疗护理。
在温尼伯,一些患者要等待20小时甚至更长时间才能接受治疗。
In Winnipeg, some patients are waiting 20 hours or more to receive care.
receive care:接受医疗护理。
20 hours or more:20小时甚至更多。
周四下午,渥太华儿童医院CHEO对非紧急患者的预计等待时间为15小时47分钟;而在爱德华王子岛的萨默赛德,周三非紧急患者的预计等待时间超过10小时。
On Thursday afternoon, the children's hospital CHEO in Ottawa had an estimated wait time of 15 hours and 47 minutes for non-urgent patients; in Summerside, P.E.I., the estimated wait time for non-urgent patients on Wednesday was more than 10 hours.
estimated wait time:预计等待时间。
non-urgent patients:非紧急患者。
与此同时,安大略卫生局发布的最新统计数据显示,今年1月到急诊并最终住院的患者,在急诊室平均等待20.3小时才获得病房床位。
Meanwhile, the latest statistics published by Ontario Health show that patients who came to an ER in January and were admitted to hospital spent on average 20.3 hours in the emergency department before getting a bed in a ward.
latest statistics:最新统计数据。
ward:医院病房。
在魁北克,全省急诊室患者在担架上的平均等待时间周二达到了18小时。
The average time spent on a stretcher in ERs across Quebec on Tuesday was 18 hours.
across Quebec:整个魁北克省。
time spent on a stretcher:在担架上等待的时间。
阿尔伯塔省的医生呼吁政府宣布急诊室拥挤问题进入紧急状态,并称当前情况是“危机状态”。
Doctors in Alberta have called for the province to declare a state of emergency over the overcrowding affecting emergency rooms, calling the situation a "crisis state."
call for:呼吁。
declare a state of emergency:宣布紧急状态。
overcrowding:过度拥挤。
crisis state:危机状态。
就在几周前,阿尔伯塔省政府下令调查一名44岁男子的死亡事件,他当时因胸痛在埃德蒙顿急诊室等待看医生时去世。
Just a few weeks earlier, Alberta ordered an inquiry into the death of a 44-year-old man who died while waiting to be seen by a doctor for chest pain at an Edmonton emergency department.
ordered an inquiry:下令展开调查。
while waiting to be seen:在等待看医生时。
chest pain:胸痛。
渥太华急诊医生、加拿大急诊医师协会公共事务委员会副主席迈克尔·赫尔曼博士表示,全国各地的故事都反映出医疗系统正逼近极限。
"The stories that you're seeing coast-to-coast reflect that breaking point of the system that I think we're unfortunately seeing manifest right now," Dr. Michael Herman, an emergency physician in Ottawa and Vice Chair of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians public affairs committee, told CBC News.
coast-to-coast:从东海岸到西海岸,全国范围。
reflect:反映。
manifest:显现、表现出来。
vice chair:副主席。
他说:“我从事这份工作已经将近12年了,而现在医生的士气几乎是我见过最低的。”
"I've been doing this job coming up on 12 years now, and I think morale amongst the physicians is about as low as I've seen it."
coming up on:即将达到。
morale:士气。
amongst:在……之中(正式表达)。
d
他说:“坦白说,现在确实是一段艰难时期。”
"It's a tough time right now, to be very frank."
tough time:艰难时期。
to be very frank:坦率地说。
系统正在承担持续压力
Ongoing pressure on the system
加拿大在2023年平均每1000人只有2.5张医院床位。这一数字远低于经合组织国家平均4.2张床位。
Canada had an average 2.5 hospital beds available per 1,000 people in 2023. That's well below the average of 4.2 beds across OECD countries.
per 1,000 people:每1000人。
hospital beds available:可用医院床位。
well below:远低于。
OECD:经济合作与发展组织。
这使加拿大在当年35个国家中排名第28位。
It means that Canada was ranked 28th out of the 35 countries measured that year.
ranked:排名。
out of:在……之中。
相比之下,韩国和日本每1000人拥有12张床位。
By comparison, South Korea and Japan had 12 beds per 1,000 people.
by comparison:相比之下。
赫尔曼表示,每个急诊部门都努力提供高质量护理,但系统限制往往让他们做不到。
Every emergency department strives to provide high-quality care, Herman said, but they often can't due to system constraints.
strive to:努力做某事。
high-quality care:高质量医疗。
system constraints:系统限制。
例如,通过急诊入院的患者常常不得不继续留在急诊,因为医院病房被无法出院的患者占据。
For example, patients admitted to the hospital through the ER end up staying there because hospital rooms are being taken up by patients who can't leave.
end up doing:最终变成。
be taken up by:被占据。
这些患者无法离开,是因为缺乏长期护理或社区支持等门诊资源。
…due to a lack of outpatient resources like long-term care and community supports.
outpatient resources:门诊或社区医疗资源。
因此,他说急诊室实际上已经成了医院的“临时寄宿所”。
As a result, he said, ERs are functioning "as the de facto boarding house for the hospital."
as a result:因此。
de facto:事实上的。
boarding house:寄宿处,这里是比喻。
此外,加拿大人口正在老龄化,医疗状况也更复杂,因此对基础医疗和慢性病管理的需求更大。
In addition, Canada has an aging, medically complex population that requires more access to primary care and chronic disease maintenance.
aging population:老龄化人口。
primary care:基层医疗。
chronic disease:慢性疾病。
伯内尔解释说,很多疾病如果能及时获得基础医疗,其实可以在病情恶化之前得到治疗。
"For many of those illnesses, if they had good access to primary care, they might have gone in and had it treated before they became unwell," she said.
good access to:能够获得。
before they became unwell:在病情恶化之前。
CMA二月的一份报告发现,有580万加拿大人无法获得初级医疗服务。即使是有家庭医生的人,也说他们没有足够的医生资源。
A February report from the CMA found that 5.8 million Canadians lack access to primary care. Even those with family doctors say they don't have enough access to them.
与此同时,11月经合组织报告发现,9.1%的加拿大人表示他们有未满足的医疗需求,而经合组织的平均水平为3.4%。
Meanwhile, the November OECD report found that 9.1 per cent of Canadians reported they had unmet health-care needs, compared to the OECD average of 3.4 per cent.






